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Václav Melzer
Václav Melzer (26 August 1878 – 1 May 1968) was a Czech teacher and mycologist. He belonged to a group of mycologists at the beginning of the 20th century that came from the ranks of Czech teachers (which also included, among others, Jindřich Kučera, Rudolf Veselý, and František Tyttl).〔Kotlaba, František. (2008) ...a jak je vidí mykolog. In J. Nesvadbová & S. PECHÁČKOVÁ. ''Historický atlas hub - obrazy Františka Tyttla''. Prague: Academia. ISBN 978-80-200-1578-5. p. 13.〕 A substantial part of his life was spent living and working in Domažlice.
Melzer's scientific work was devoted mainly to ''Russula'', in which he published the first Czech monograph of this basidiomycete genus. His discoveries in this genus included ''Russula sardonia'' var. ''mellini'', described in 1927,〔(Index Fungorum ), accessed 2013-03-10.〕 and ''Russula helodes'' in 1929,〔PAPOUŠEK T, BERAN M, and VLASÁK J. (2010) ''Velký fotoatlas hub z jižních Čech'' (2nd revised edition). České Budějovice: Joseph Posekaný. p. 347.〕 based on collections from the Soběslav area. The mycologist Josef Velenovský named the bolete species ''Boletus melzeri'' in his honor in 1922, which was initially collected by Melzer in 1920 at Čechtice.〔 Other taxa named after Melzer include the species ''Lentinus melzeri'',〔 ''Russula melzeri'',〔 and ''Russula lilacea'' var. ''melzeriana'' (now ''Russula melzeriana'');〔 the genera ''Melzericium''〔 and ''Melzerodontia''〔 are also named in his honor.
He is well known in mycology for developing the staining solution Melzer's reagent, which he developed in 1924 as a modification of an older chloral hydrate-containing iodine solution developed by the botanist Arthur Meyer.〔Baral HO. (1987) (Lugol's solution / IKI versus Melzer's reagent: Hemiamyloidity, a universal feature of the ascus wall. ) '' Mycotaxon '' 29: 399-450.〕 In ''Russula'', the genus in which Melzer specialized, the amyloid reaction of the basidiospore ornamentation or entire spore is of great taxonomic significance.〔The Russulales News Team. 2007. Introduction to the Russulales: (Characteristics of the russuloid fungi ), '' Russulales News '' (website)〕
==References==
*''This article was initially translated from the Czech Wikipedia.''
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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